Mechanism of action : All drugs in pharmacology - Part 4

Mechanism of action : All drugs in pharmacology - Part 4

Endocrine System

• Sulfonylureas :

  ( Glyburide , Glipizide , Glimepiride ..... )

  1- Stimulation of insulin release from the β cells of pancreas by blocking the ATP-sensitive K channels resulting in depolarization and Ca influx.
  2- Reduction in hepatic glucose production
  3- increase in peripheral insulin sensitivity
  
  

• Glinides :

  ( Repaglinide, Nateglinide, ..... )

  It binds to receptors of ATP-sensitive K channels leading to release of insulin.

• Biguanides :

  ( Metformin )

  1- Reduction of hepatic glucose output by inhibiting gluconeogenesis
  2- Slowing intestinal absorption of sugars and improving peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.

•   Corticosteroids:

  They bind to specific intracellular cytoplasmic receptors in target tissues. After dimerizing the receptor-hormone recruits certain co-activator proteins and the complex translocates into the nucleus where it attaches to gene promoter elements acting as a transcription factor to turn genes on and off depending on the tissue.